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Document Title: Henriksson-AJSM-May01
Article Title: Postural control after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and functional rehabilitation
Author: Marketta Henriksson; Torbjorn Ledin; Lars Good.
Publication: The American Journal of Sports Medicine
ISSN: 03635465
Date: May-June 2001 2001.
(Figures included. Reference-denoting numbers appear in the same point size as document text.)
Volume: 29
Issue: 3
Pages: 359-366
Key Words: Knee, ligaments, tissue grafts, ACL, rehabilitation.
This study found that people with ACL-reconstructed-and-rehabilitated knees generally had normal postural control. Only in two areas (reaction time and delay prior to onset of response to maximal sagittal-plane sway) were significant differences noted. This substantiates the conclusion that good rehabilitation (including not only muscle-strengthening and endurance training, but also prioprioception exercises and plyometrics and agility training) is of paramount importance in regaining full functionality after ACL reconstruction. This article also provides a good overview of ACL-proprioception issues, and shows the importance of the tension-sensitive nerve endings embedded in the ACL.
Abstract
Total sagittal knee laxity and postural control in the sagittal and frontal planes were measured in 25 patients at a mean of 36 months (range, 27 to 44) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and in a control group consisting of 20 uninjured age- and activity- matched subjects. Body sway was measured in the sagittal plane on a stable and on a sway-referenced force plate in single-legged stance, double-legged stance, or both, with the eyes open and closed. Postural reactions to perturbations in the sagittal and frontal planes were recorded in the single-legged stance with the eyes open. Total sagittal plane laxity was significantly greater in the anterior cruciate ligament-- reconstructed knee (11.2 mm; range, 6 to 15) than in the uninjured knee (8.9 mm; range, 6 to 12) or in the control group (6.0 mm; range, 5 to 8). In spite of this, the patients, in comparison with the controls, exhibited normal postural control except in two variables-the reaction time and the latency between the start of force movement to maximal sway in the sagittal plane perturbations. This supports the hypothesis that rehabilitation, with proprioceptive and agility training, is an important component in restoring the functional stability in the anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knee.
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