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Document Title: Meister-AJSM-Nov00
Article Title: Anatomy
of kinematics of the lateral collateral ligament of the knee
Author: Brad R. Meister, Stanley P. Michael, Ray A. Moyer, John D.Kelly, Carson D Schneck.
Publication: The American Journal of Sports Medicine
ISSN: 03635465
Date: November-December 2000.
(Figures included. Reference-denoting numbers appear in the same point size as document text.)
Volume: 28
Issue: 6
Pages: 869-878
Key Words: Knee, ligaments, LCL, anatomy, physiology,
mechanics.
ABSTRACT
The
anatomy and kinematics of the lateral collateral ligament were studied in 10
unembalmed limbs and 20 isolated femurs and fibulas. The ligament's average
overall length was 66 mm (range, 59 to 74) and the average greatest dimension
of its thin middle portion was the anteroposterior dimension of 3.4 mm (range,
3 to 4). The center of the femoral attachment site was 3.7 mm posterior to the
ridge of the lateral epicondyle, not at it apex. A potential radiographic
technique for operatively locating the femoral attachment site to within 3 mm
is described. During knee flexion in neutral rotation the distance between the
femoral and fibular attachment sites of the lateral collateral ligament
decreased to 88% of its value in full extension. With 6.5 Newton-metres of
applied external rotation force, beyond 300 of flexion the attachment sites
rapidly approximated. With the same internal rotation force, beyond 150 of
flexion the attachment sites separated. From 60 degrees to 105 degrees they were greater than
100% of the value in full extension, suggesting significant distraction between
the attachment sites. These changes correlated well with the ligament's change
from an 110 posterior slope in extension to a 190 anterior slope in flexion
with no applied rotation.
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